![]() ![]() ![]() These changes include disc degeneration, bone spurs, and thickened ligaments.Ĭervical spondylotic myelopathy, therefore, is myelopathy (spinal cord damage) caused by spondylosis (degeneration) in the cervical spine (neck). Spondylosis refers to degenerative, or age-related, changes in the spine. Arthritis of the spine, or spondylosis is the most common reason the spinal cord is compressed. This compression disrupts normal nerve transmission. The most common cause of myelopathy is when the spinal cord is compressed, or squeezed. Myelopathy, or damage to the spinal cord, can occur for a number of reasons. The spinal cord is surrounded by a few millimeters of fluid-filled space, which helps to protect it from trauma and allows flexibility without injury to the spinal cord. The spinal cord transmits electrochemical signals between the brain and the body. The spinal cord begins at the base of the brain and runs down through the spinal canal, an enclosed tube made of bones, cartilage and ligament tissue of the spine. Spondylotic = having to do with spinal degenerationĬervical spondylotic myelopathy is damage to the spinal cord in the neck. doi:10.Cervical = having to do with the spine in the neck Langner S, Langner RA, Langner SS, Langner WM, Langner HC, Langner. (2019) International journal of spine surgery. Traumatic Fracture of the Pediatric Cervical Spine: Etiology, Epidemiology, Concurrent Injuries, and an Analysis of Perioperative Outcomes Using the Kids' Inpatient Database. Poorman GW, Segreto FA, Beaubrun BM, Jalai CM, Horn SR, Bortz CA, Diebo BG, Vira S, Bono OJ, DE LA Garza-Ramos R, Moon JY, Wang C, Hirsch BP, Tishelman JC, Zhou PL, Gerling M, Passias PG. Traumatic Fractures of the Cervical Spine: Analysis of Changes in Incidence, Cause, Concurrent Injuries, and Complications Among 488,262 Patients from 2005 to 2013. Passias PG, Poorman GW, Segreto FA, Jalai CM, Horn SR, Bortz CA, Vasquez-Montes D, Diebo BG, Vira S, Bono OJ, De La Garza-Ramos R, Moon JY, Wang C, Hirsch BP, Zhou PL, Gerling M, Koller H, Lafage V. (2012) Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine. The epidemiology of traumatic cervical spine fractures: a prospective population study from Norway. Fredø HL, Rizvi SA, Lied B, Rønning P, Helseth E. Spectrum of imaging findings in hyperextension injuries of the neck. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon Imaging evaluation of adult spinal injuries: emphasis on multidetector CT in cervical spine trauma. atlantooccipital dislocations (shearing).anterior subluxation (hyperflexion sprain).The four major mechanisms are flexion, extension, rotational and shearing, each associated with certain fracture patterns 3,4: These include more horizontal orientation of the facet joints in children, underdeveloped uncovertebral joints, mild physiological anterior wedging of the vertebral bodies, and incomplete ossification of the odontoid process. The fulcrum of movement is different in children than adults, C2/3 compared to C5/6, respectively hence, in children, cervical fractures are more common in upper vertebrae. There are also other anatomical differences of the cervical spine between children and adults which are worth bearing in mind while interpreting pediatric studies. more than one vertebral column involvement ref required.increased or reduced intervertebral disc space height.There are many types of cervical spine fracture, some of which are unstable general indicators of instability include 9: C2 (~30%) and C7 (~20%) are the most commonly fractured levels 7. The cervical spine is susceptible to injury because it is highly mobile with relatively small vertebral bodies and supports the head which is both heavy and acts as a lever. blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) especially in high cervical fractures, those associated with subluxation and fractures involving the transverse foramen.AssociationsĪssociated injuries are present in ~67% of patients 7: Falls, motor vehicle collisions, pedestrian accidents, cycling and diving are common causes of injury 6,7. Males are affected more commonly than females with a median age of injury of 56 years. Cervical spine fractures can occur secondary to exaggerated flexion or extension, or because of direct trauma or axial loading. ![]()
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